Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Fractures of the Acetabulum - Local Experience

KY Tan, HC Lee, D Chua
Correspondence: Dr David Chua, david_chua@cgh.com.sg

ABSTRACT
Introduction It is now widely accepted that open reduction and internal fixation of displaced acetabular fractures should be the standard of care. This paper reports a case series of acetabular fracture fixation performed at the Changi General Hospital by a single trauma surgeon.
Patients and Methods A retrospective study was conducted of 15 consecutive cases of displaced acetabular fracture fixation between February 1996 and September 1999. Outcome was assessed radiologically and functionally with the use of a hip scoring system used by Matta.
Results The patients' age had a mean of 34.9 years. All fractures were a result of high energy trauma. The median duration to operation upon admission was eight days. The mean hospital stay was 24.9 days and the mean medical hospitalisation leave was 159 days. Bony union was achieved in all patients. Two patients (13.3%) had a residual displacement of 1 mm. Four patients (26.6%) had a residual displacement of 2 mm. Of these four patients with 2 mm displacement, two eventually developed osteoarthritis. Subsequently, one of the two with OA required revision to a total hip arthroplasty two years post fracture. Other complications include 1 (6%) wound infection and 2 (13%) deep vein thrombosis. There were no complications of heterotopic ossification or sciatic nerve injury. Functional scores with a minimum follow up of one year and a mean of 22.6 months follow-up were excellent in 13.3%, good in 66.7%, fair in 13.3% and poor in 6.7%.
Conclusion The number of cases in this paper is insufficient to produce any statisticallly significant outcome predictors but accuracy of reduction is an important factor. A good to excellent result was attained in 80% of the patients which confirms that open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice for displaced and acetabular fractures.

Keywords: acetabulum, fracture, fixation, open reduction
Singapore Med J 2003; 44(8): 404-409